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St James's Hall
St. James's Hall was a concert hall in London that opened on 25 March 1858, designed by architect and artist Owen Jones, who had decorated the interior of the Crystal Palace.〔R. Elkin, ''Queen's Hall 1893-1941'' (Ryder, London 1944), p. 16, note, says 1858.〕 It was situated between the Quadrant in Regent Street and Piccadilly, and Vine Street and George Court. There was a frontage on Regent Street, and another in Piccadilly. Taking the orchestra into account, the main hall had seating for slightly over 2,000 persons.〔Elkin 1944, 16.〕 It had a grand hall long and broad, the seating was distributed between ground floor, balcony, gallery and platform and it had excellent acoustics.〔R. Elkin, ''Royal Philharmonic - The Annals of the Royal Philharmonic Society'' (Ryder 1946), 67.〕 On the ground floor were two smaller halls, one square; the other by .〔("Victorian London - Buildings, Monuments and Museums - St James's Hall" in ''the Victorian Dictionary'' )〕 The Hall was decorated in the 'Florentine' style, with features imitating the great Moorish Palace of the Alhambra. The Piccadilly facade was given a Gothic design, and the complex of two restaurants and three halls was hidden behind Nash's Quadrant.〔Hobhouse, Hermione. ''History of Regent Street'' (Macdonald and Jane's, London, 1975), p. 84 ISBN 0-362-00234-7〕 Sir George Henschel recalled its 'dear old, uncomfortable, long, narrow, green-upholstered benches (pale-green horse-hair) with the numbers of the seats tied over the straight backs with bright pink tape, like office files.'〔H. Henschel, ''When Soft Voices Die'' (Methuen, London 1949).〕
The Hall was built jointly by two music publishing firms, Chappell & Co. and Cramer & Co., in the hope of attracting the growing audiences for fine musical performances that attended the Crystal Palace and the halls being built in the provinces.〔 It stood empty for nearly a year after its opening.〔R. Pound, ''Sir Henry Wood'' (Cassell, London 1969), 34-35.〕 For almost half a century thereafter, the Hall was London's principal concert hall,〔(Survey of London: volumes 31 and 32, Chapter IV )〕 to be succeeded by Queen's Hall in the 1900s and later by Wigmore Hall, the Royal Albert Hall and Royal Festival Hall. It became famous for its 'Monday Pops' concerts and Ballad Concerts, as the home of the Philharmonic Society and the Christy Minstrels and for the many famous conductors and performers who gave important performances there.
== Opening ==
The first performance at the hall was ''The Hymn of Praise'' by the Vocal Association, under Julius Benedict.〔C. Pearce, ''Sims Reeves - Fifty Years of Music in England'' (Stanley Paul, London 1924), pp. 205-07.〕 Sims Reeves sang Beethoven's 'Adelaide' there (the first of many successes), accompanied by Arabella Goddard, in a concert at the end of May 1858. According to Reeves' biographer, 'The hall itself met with general approval, but the arrangements for chorus and orchestra were severely condemned.'〔 In the same year, one of the first complete performances of J.S. Bach's ''St Matthew Passion'' to be heard in England was given there under William Sterndale Bennett, with Sims Reeves, Helen Lemmens-Sherrington, Charlotte Sainton-Dolby and Willoughby Weiss.〔Reeves, Sims. ''My Jubilee: or, Fifty Years of Artistic Life'' (Simpkin, Marshall, London 1889), pp. 178-79. cf W. Sterndale Bennett (Ed.), ''Grosse Passions-Musik composed by John Sebastian Bach'' (Lamborn Cock, Hutchings, London 1862).〕
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